Indus Valley Civilization
Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) also called Harappa Civilization was a bronze Age Civilization which lasted from 3300 BC to 1300 BC in three phases
- Early Harappan Phase (3300 BC to 2600 BC)
- Mature Harappan Phase (2600 BC to 1900 BC)
- Late Harappan Phase (1900 BC to 1300 BC)
Discovery of IVC
In 1826 Charles Masson (an English soldier and explorer) found the ruin of an ancient city in Harappa village of Sahiwal district (earlier Montgomery) in Punjab, Pakistan (then Punjab Province of British India). Daya Ram Sahni excavated the site in 1921.
Afterwards, many other sites like Mohenjodaro, Chanhudaro, Kalibanga etc. had been excavated in the regions of Pakistan, northeast Afghanistan, and northwestern and western India. All these sites were a part of an urban civilization which was named after its first site . As most of these sites were found in the valleys of Indus river and its tributaries, this civilization is also known as Indus Valley Civilization.